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Transportation survival from factors other than those observed in direct barge survival is estimated using in-river survival and the transport-benefit ratio (TBR) observed from differing stocks. The approach to estimating this transportation survival is through an analysis of data from a number of years and for different transport sites and species. The recent years of transportation studies produced more robust estimates of TBR (larger sample sizes, better controls) and are more representative of the current transportation operations. Transportation experiments from all years are considered elsewhere in this document (see Transportation validation section III.5).
The analysis of the transportation survival extends previous work of the Mundy Report (1994). Several deficiencies addressed in the analysis are dealt with in the present calibration, including
- partial transportation of control groups
- different arrival time to estuary of transport and control groups
- effects of spill
- updated estimates of in-river survival
The transportation survival of fall chinook transported from McNary Dam was estimated for the years 1986-1988 using the most current model parameters and data on the transport benefit ratios for those years. A similar analysis was performed for spring chinook in the same years, except that spring chinook tests were performed at McNary Dam during 1986-1988, and also at Little Goose Dam in 1986 and 1989; both sets of studies were included in the analysis. Finally, transportation studies in 1986 and 1989 using steelhead released at Little Goose Dam were also examined.
McNary Transportation
The analysis applies the scheme illustrated in Fig. 63. For Little Goose studies, transport mortality at McNary was calculated and applied to the upper-river data because some of the "control" fish released into Little Goose tailrace in 1986 and 1989 were recaptured and transported from McNary Dam.
The equation defining the transport benefit ratio (TBR) is
(159)
where
- TBR = transport benefit ratio between transported and in river migrating juvenile fish
- ST = survival of adult test fish with juvenile transport migration
- SC = survival of adult control fish with juvenile in river migration
- Sb.m = transport survival from observed mortalities in transport in barges and trucks from McNary dam
- R = in river juvenile survival past Bonneville Dam
- ET = survival between Bonneville dam and the estuary for transport fish
- EC = survival between Bonneville dam and the estuary for control fish
- OT = survival of transported after ocean entry plus any delayed mortality not included in any upstream process
- OC =survival of in-river control fish after ocean entry plus any delayed mortality not included in any upstream process
The total survival associated with transportation from McNary dam is
(160)
where
- TMCN = total transport survival from McNary dam.
- SMCN = model survival from McNary Dam tailrace to the estuary.
- SBON = model survival from Bonneville Dam tailrace to the estuary.
The model transportation survival TMCN is calculated by modeling SMCN and SBON and multiplying their ratio by the TBR as given in eq(160). For these model runs Bonneville tailrace releases were the same as McNary releases, except that they were delayed 2 days to account for transportation delays and holding of fish prior to transportation. Model runs used the active migration equation, with model parameters as described above (see Fish Migration section II.5).
Lower Granite Transportation
To model transportation of spring chinook from Lower Granite dam we account for the transportation of both control and transport fish (Fig. 64) .
The equation defining a transport benefit ratio from transport from Lower Granite dam (TBR) is
(161)
Equation variables include:
- TBR = transport benefit ratio as computed from adult returning to Lower Granite Dam
- ST = survival of returning adult fish from test group as determined from specified collection methods which may include ocean and in-river fisheries, counts at dams, hatcheries and spawning grounds.
- SC = survival of returning adult fish from control group as determined from specified collection methods which may include ocean and in-river fisheries, counts at dams, hatcheries and spawning grounds.
- F = fraction of fish passing McNary Dam that are transported.
- St = transport survival from trucking fish in the control fish group. Includes mortality in collection, transport and release.
- Sb.l = survival from barging fish at Lower Granite dam and include mortality in collection, transport release back in to the river.
- TMCN = total transport survival from McNary Dams.
- ET, EC = test and control survival from Bonneville tailrace to estuary.
- OT, OC = survival of transported and control fish through the ocean and back up river. These parameters also contain any unidentified mortality factors not accounted for in the other processes.
- R1 = survival of fish traveling in river from transport release in Little Goose trailrace through McNary Dam pool.
- R2 = survival of fish traveling in river from McNary Dam forebay to Bonneville Dam tailrace.
The total transport mortality from Lower Granite dam can be expressed
(162)
where
- TLGR = total transport survival from Lower Granite dam.
- SLGR = model survival for fish transported from Lower Granite dam to Little Goose dam tailrace.
- SBON = model survival from Bonneville Dam tailrace to estuary.
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Columbia River Salmon Passage Model CRiSP.1.5 Theory, Calibration & Validation Manual
Copyright © 1996, Columbia Basin Research. All rights reserved.
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) and in river migrants (
) are illustrated. See text for definition of variables.
) and in river migrants (
) are illustrated.